At school, we have a subject on Networking. One of the most important aspect of it was “Mail Protocols”. Suddenly my Prof, goes insane and starts askin questions on POP3, most of which we couldnt answer.. After that lecture, it became a challange to give him a assignment on “What the hell is POP3?”.. So here is the answer to it..

POP3 (Post Office Protocol):

The most recent version of a standard protocol for receiving e-mail. POP3 is a client/server protocol in which e-mail is received and held for you by your Internet server. Periodically, you (or your client e-mail receiver) check your mail-box on the server and download any mail. POP3 is built into the Netmanage suite of Internet products and one of the most popular e-mail products, Eudora. It’s also built into the Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer browsers.

This method is designed primarily as an off-line mail reading solution, POP3 e-mail clients require you to “download” all your e-mail before you read it. Basically, POP can be thought of as a “store-and-forward” service.

Advantages:

1.) POP is the Simpler protocol; much easier to implement.

2.) More client software currently available.

3.) Copies all messages to your local machine every time a connection is made to the server.Thus, if the connection goes down while you’re working, you will still have your messages.

Disadvantages:

1.) You must synchronize your local inbox with the server’s mailbox.This can result in downloading new messages over and over (if you save your messages on your server), each time you connect, or can result in messages residing on computers you’ve previously used but to which you may not currently have access. The end result is you are sometimes unable to access all your messages when you need to.

2.) Slow compared to new protocols.

Centrino is, in short, Intel’s name for a a series of hardware features that give Notebook PCs long battery life, wireless data access, and low-voltage processing power, all while focusing on making mobile computers thinner and lighter.

With Intel Pentium M Processors that use less power, and with new advanced battery technology, Centrino allows you to work longer and smarter. Onboard 802.11 Wi-Fi adapters, including 802.11a, 802.11b & 802.11g, allow you to browse the Internet, check your e-mail, log into home or business networks and more, all without wires tethering you to your desk. Wi-Fi allows you to have wireless networking at speeds up to 54MBPS from your living room, the pool or at the office cafeteria so that you can work wherever you happen to be.

Wireless MAN (WMAN)

A Wireless Metropolitan Area Network; a MAN has historically been used to refer to networks encompassing an area larger than a LAN (such as a city or university campus) but smaller than a WAN (such as a nationwide carrier network).

Wireless LAN (WLAN)

A WLAN is now basically a euphemism for any 802.11-based wireless local area, or Wi-Fi, network. Wireless LAN base stations are typically effective for ranges up to 100 meters and can support dozens of users.

Bluetooth

A personal area networking technology now standardized by the IEEE 802.15 standard; Bluetooth communications typically occur over a range of 10 meters and consume much lower power than Wi-Fi or WiMAX connections.

802.11

The IEEE Wireless Local Area Networking (WLAN) standards effort.

802.15

The IEEE Wireless Personal Area Networking (WPAN) standards effort.

802.16

The IEEE Wireless Metropolitan Area Networking (WMAN) standards effort.

802.20

The IEEE Wireless Wide Area Networking (WWAN) standards effort.

802.11b

Often referred to as “Wi-Fi”, 802.11b is the most popular of the 802.11 wireless LAN standards. 802.11b communications occur in the 2.4GHz frequency band and provide speeds up to 11 Mbps.

802.11a

Runs at frequencies between 5 GHz and 6 GHz, occupying three separate 100MHz frequency bands in that range, and provides communication speeds up to 54 Mbps. Because it runs in the 5GHz band, 802.11a networks rarely conflict with other wireless devices. 802.11a devices consume more power than their 802.11b counterparts. 802.11a communications maxes out around 60 feet with a base station required every 50 feet.

802.11g

Like 802.11b, 802.11g operates in the 2.4GHz frequency band but offers communication speeds up to 54 Mbps. It offers the advantages of 802.11b, albeit at a higher cost.

802.11e

Offers Quality of Service (QoS) capabilities, while maintaining backwards compatibility with 802.11a and 802.11b

The IEEE 802.11 LAN MAN Standard Committee is tasked with developing standards for three types of networks: Personal Area Networks (PANs), Local Area Networks (LANs), and broadband wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs).

The best-known of these is the wildly popular 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) specification, which has become part of our cultural lexicon, through terms like Wi-Fi and hotspot. The 802.16 standard for MANs, however, has been increasingly in the news lately as products based on it look to be available in the next year.

The 802.16 standard was initially published in 2001 and a recent enhancement (802.16a) was published in 2003. Originally dubbed the WirelessMAN standard, this term has been subsumed by the more popular WiMAX branding introduced by the WiMAX Forum, a consortium of companies that support and jointly co-market the 802.16 standards. The group also will certify 802.16-compliant products.

The purpose of 802.16 is to standardize broadband wide area wireless networking for both fixed and mobile connections, offering extremely high bandwidth connections without requiring a line-of-site communications between the device and the broadcast antenna.

To give an idea of the possibilities offered by 802.16, consider the capabilities made available by the recent 802.16a extension. 802.16a operates in the 2-11GHz frequency band over a theoretical maximum range of 31 miles with a theoretical maximum data transfer rate of 70Mbps. The following table provides a quick comparison to 802.11b:

In actuality, WiMAX is envisioned as a complimentary technology to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, with each designed to solve a specific problem very well.

For example, a typical deployment scenario would allow your network provider to deliver WiMAX connectivity to your corporate office, offering T1-level connection speeds and reliability. Internal to your corporate office, you may decide to deploy 802.11 hotspots for laptop and PDA users moving from office to conference room to the company lunchroom. These same laptop and PDA users may then opt to print to a local network printer via Bluetooth, allowing your enterprise to utilize wireless standards and economies of scale throughout.

While 802.16 clearly meets an industry need, its success is by no means a sure thing. It faces competition from wide area cellular 2.5G/3G technologies such as 1xEVDO (U.S. rollout by Verizon in 2004) and W-CDMA (eventual U.S. rollout announced by Cingular). In addition, the IEEE 802.20 standard, defined for wireless Wide Area Network access, could potentially compete with WiMAX since both standards could be seen as separate solutions to a similar problem (Nextel recently launched a pre-standard 802.20 trial in North Carolina using gear from Flarion Technologies).

For now, the principal advantage of the still-unratified 802.20 is that is supports mobile devices, a capability not officially supported by 802.16 until the 802.16e standard is ready (possibly in mid-2004, see below). However, because 802.16e builds on the work of 802.16a, it is likely that 802.16e devices will be widely available before 802.20-equipped devices.

While the 2003 ratification of 802.16a essentially made WiMAX ready for prime time, a host of 802.16 enhancements are planned, including:

802.16b – Quality Of Service

802.16c – Interoperability

802.16d – Builds on 802.16c

802.16e – Mobile

A lecturer was giving a lecture to his student on stress management.

He raised a glass of water and asked the audience, “How heavy do you think this glass of water is?”

The students’ answers ranged from 20g to 500gm.

“It does not matter on the absolute weight.

It depends on how long you hold it.

If I hold it for a minute, it is OK.

If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my right arm.

If I hold it for a day, you will have to call an ambulance.

It is the exact same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes.”

“If we carry our burdens all the time,

sooner or later,

we will not be able to carry on,

the burden becoming increasingly heavier.”

“What you have to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it up again.”

We have to put down the burden periodically, so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.

So before you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down.

Don’t carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow.

Whatever burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for a moment if you can.

Pick it up again later when you have rested… Rest and relax.

College : A place where some pursue learning and others learn pursuing.

Etc : A sign to make others believe that you know more than you actually do.

Office : A place where you can relax after your strenuous home life.

Committee : Group who can do nothing individually and sit to decide that nothing can be done together.

Politician : One who shakes your hand before elections and your confidence after.

Smile : A curve that can set a lot of things straight.

Optimist : A person who starts taking bath if he accidently falls into a river.

Pessimist : A person who says that O is the last letter in ZERO,

Instead of the first letter in word OPPORTUNITY.

Diplomat : A person who tells you to go to hell in such a way that you actually look forward to the trip.

Classic : A book which people praise, but do not read.

Dictionary : The only place where divorce comes before marriage.

Miser : A person who lives poor so that he can die rich.

Marriage : It’s an agreement in which a man loses his bachelor degree and woman gains her master.

Father : A banker provided by nature.

Rumour : News that travels at the speed of sound.

Criminal : A guy no different from the rest of us…except that he got caught.

Worry : Interest paid on trouble before it falls due.

Boss : Someone who is early when you are late and late when you are early.

Philosopher : A fool who torments himself during life, to be spoken of when dead.

Tears : The hydraulic force by which masculine power is defeated by feminine power.

Experience : The name men give to their mistakes.

Atom Bomb : An invention to end all inventions.

Doctor : A person who kills your ills by pills, and kills you with his bills.

I.T. Engineer : One that is paid for sending and receiving such E-mails!

This is one of my fav ways of becoming famous and rich on the net. First, make user ur credit card bills go way beyond what you can pay. Then, after you realize that you are in a soup, create a web-site asking help from kind-hearted souls. Well thats what Karyn Bsnak of http://www.savekaryn.com did.

A native NY, paid up her debts in 20 weeks with contributions amounting to about $13,350. If this wasnt enough, cause of her website, she appeared on TV, got coverage in newspapers and magazines..

One thing though, she wouldn’t had received such a response if it hadnt been her sence of humour.

Everysince I have a Gmail account, I used to wonder.. Why is it called the Email of the Geeks.. Finally two days Ago, I found out the answer..

The 1000 MB did capture everyone’s attentetion, however as I can put it, its just a foundation for Google. Every other email provider, then starting givin few 100 MBs of storage space extra – but they still had the folder hierarchy. However in Google, you can apply labels to a mail, as opposed to putting the emails in respective “folders“. Once you get used to “labels”, folders will feel primitive.. This technology was around, but Google was the first to Implement it – Score one for Gmail.

Gmail interface is one huge 250KB JavaScript file. Sign-in and wait, while this downloads. Once its on the comp, the interface is blazing and rocking. The Jscript proces all the click right from ur computer, instead of gettin back to the server.. The only time it goes to the server is for the e-mail contents. In contrast to this, almost all Web-mail apps force a full page reload.

The fast-text only interface + cutting edge organizational model topped with “Invite Only” exclusivity, it has all the contents for a perfect recipe for GEEKS email id…

PS: Where did I get to know all this. Thanks to my fav tech mag called “DIGIT”

auto accident;

register voters;

static electricity;

struct by_ligthning;

void *where_prohibited;

char unstable;

short circuit;

long jeans;

unsigned long letters;

double entendre;

double trouble;

union jack;

float value;

void check;

struct dumb by[size of number]

/* Its very funny program….. go thro and ‘n’joy*/

#include

#include

#define MAAL beautiful_lady

main()

{

goto college;

scanf(“100%”,&ladies);

if(lady == MAAL)

line++;

while( !reply )

{

printf(“I Love U”);

scanf(“100%”,&reply);

}

if(reply == “GAALI”)

main(); /* go back and repeat the process */

else if(reply == “SANDAL “)

exit(1);

else if(reply == “I Love U”)

{

lover = MAAL;

love = (heart*)malloc(sizeof(lover));

}

goto restaurant;

restaurant:

{

food++;

smile++;

pay->money = lover->money;

return(college);

}

if(time==2.30)

goto cinema;

cinema:

{

watch++;

touch++ ;

if(intermission)

{

coke++;

smoke++;

}

}

if(time == 1800 Hrs)

goto park;

park:

{

for(time=1830;time<=2030;time+=0.001)
kiss = kiss+1;

}

free(lover);

return(home);

if(time == 2130)

goto pub;

pub:

{

friends++;

party++;

booze++;

smoke++;

if(pub.close())

{

pay->bill;

come->out;

}

}

if (highly->intoxicated)

goto friendsroom;

else

{

sweetpan++;

polo++;

goto home;

}

friendsroom:

{

goto sleep;

}

home:

{

if(mom.shouts())

{

reason=(combinedstudy || projectwork || friendsbday);

say->reason;

}

if(dad.shouts())

shut->yourmouth;

call->lover;

if(phone->voice==(lover_dad->voice || lover_mom->voice))

{

hang++;

}

else if(phone->voice==lover->voice)

{

for(time=0030;time<=0130;time+=0.001)
{

say->ILuvU;

scanf(“100%”,&reply); /* “I Love U” already stored in reply*/

}

}

goto sleep;

}

sleep:

{

*(dream)=love;

}

} /* Program Ends */

GOD Saves US!!!

Don’t lower your goals to the level of your present abilities

but rather raise your abilities to the height of your goals.